Concussions and the Possible Future of Mixed Martial Artists
Promoted to the front page from the FanPosts by Luke Thomas.
Malcolm Gladwell's latest piece for the New Yorker, while focusing primarily on Football and Boxing (with some dogfighting as well; ignore that part for our purposes) could be a frightening look at post-fight life for mixed martial artists.
Thanks to a study at the University of North Carolina, new data is coming out regarding head trauma and its long-term effects. Much of the focus on head injuries revolves around concussions, but doctors may not be looking in the right place:
But a football player’s real issue isn’t simply with repetitive concussive trauma. It is, as the concussion specialist Robert Cantu argues, with repetitive subconcussive trauma. It’s not just the handful of big hits that matter. It’s lots of little hits, too.
The player in mind with this study had sustained in a previous practice alone 31 hits that registered as sub-concussive, but still over 60g's of force. For perspective:
Guskiewicz explained, if you drove your car into a wall at twenty-five miles per hour and you weren’t wearing your seat belt, the force of your head hitting the windshield would be around 100 gs
Why does this matter in MMA? Take Chris Lytle: His only TKO losses were due to cuts and has never been finished by strikes in the traditional sense. His fan-pleasing style has resulted in Fight of the Night bonuses on four occasions, thanks to his willingness to "stand and bang" with anyone and everyone, despite possessing considerable skill on the ground. While good for his pocketbook, Lytle could be looking at serious trouble down the road.
One of the brains scanned by Ann McKee, a neurologist at a VA Hospital in Massachusetts, showed the damage and decay of an old man suffering dementia. The catch? It belonged to an 18 year old high-school football player.
While the article focuses on football and a little on boxing, it's not hard to see the implications as they pertain to MMA. As fighters go out there to please the crowd, giving as good as they get and taking home their bonus checks, I hope they're banking that money for their post-fight lives. I credit the sport and the athletic commissions for issuing medical suspensions as liberally as they do and requiring doctor's clearances to return to action, but I can't help but feel like this may not be enough.
The FanPosts are solely the subjective opinions of Bloody Elbow readers and do not necessarily reflect the views of Bloody Elbow editors or staff.
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71 comments
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Comments
Nice Post
I’m worried how some fighters, such as Lytle, will fair in time…all we can do is wait and see.
"You guys are jerking eachother off with some pseudo deep bullshit." - Kid Nate
by kyfm621 on Oct 12, 2009 2:31 PM EDT reply actions 0 recs
Nogueira is the one I worry about a lot. I think he’s going to have a lot of problems later in life.
by Zack Gobie on Oct 12, 2009 5:27 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Phil Baroni
He’s already got a boxers slur when he speaks, if everthing goes to plan he`ll be sounding like sylvester stallone soonish.
by Xtor on Oct 13, 2009 7:34 AM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
I thought that was just his accent
No, really.
Don't believe a word I say, I don't train BJJ.
I blog at TangleBones - you should follow me on Twitter here.
by jemaleddin on Oct 13, 2009 12:20 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Really worried about the fighters that go out there and like to stand and bang with little to head movement.
by filipinomix2oo0 on Oct 12, 2009 3:39 PM EDT reply actions 0 recs
I think modern mma will self eliminate the stand and bang type fight style. Stand and bang fighters are not capable of championship material. Look at the champions in all divisions. they are the most efficient and elusive bunch at not taking damage.
by pandaboy99 on Oct 12, 2009 4:20 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Not at heavyweight
Being made of marble doesn’t count as “not taking damage.”
Don't believe a word I say, I don't train BJJ.
I blog at TangleBones - you should follow me on Twitter here.
by jemaleddin on Oct 13, 2009 12:20 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Stuff like this is exactly why the “stand and bang” phenomenon is so troubling to me. MMA should hypothetically be less dangerous than boxing due to the grappling aspect, but some people seem to not want it that way.
by JRN on Oct 12, 2009 3:50 PM EDT reply actions 0 recs
It's still a lot less damage
Look at the strikes absorbed in a boxing match versus those abosorbed in an MMA match. MMA absorbs a lot less even for the “stand and bang” aspect.
by Meester on Oct 13, 2009 6:17 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
That’s true. Let me put it this way: the gulf in safety between boxing and MMA should be even greater, and the fact that some people invite additional concussions in spite of this is troubling.
by JRN on Oct 13, 2009 7:59 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
There’s so many less strikes in MMA than boxing. And from what the article says, much less than what you get out of a football game. It’s a concern, but it seems to me that the risk of that sort of brain damage would be considerably less in MMA than either boxing or football.
While this obviously wouldn’t ever actually happen, perhaps they should institute weight caps for NFL players. Like you have to be less than 200 lbs or less to play.
by toxic on Oct 12, 2009 3:54 PM EDT reply actions 0 recs
less than 200? in the NFL?
I’ll be a 190lb OL
by slapjaw ackrite on Oct 13, 2009 1:17 AM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
I imagine speed is just as big a factor in the NFL.
I dislike Matt Hughes.
by MonkeyCHops on Oct 13, 2009 1:22 AM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Is there a position for 140lb guys like me to play in football?
Keep firing Assholes!
Never trust a man with no shirt on.
by Ubernoober on Oct 13, 2009 1:34 AM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
waterboy.
or put on 30 lbs and you can be a kicker
I dislike Matt Hughes.
by MonkeyCHops on Oct 13, 2009 2:31 AM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Or put on 30lbs and be a cheerleader
Don't believe a word I say, I don't train BJJ.
I blog at TangleBones - you should follow me on Twitter here.
by jemaleddin on Oct 13, 2009 12:21 PM EDT up reply actions 1 recs
Depending on your gym, damage from sparring might be worse for you long term than the fights.
Some gyms straight bang it out daily.
Although sparring is essential to bring concepts together and refine timing, I think a lot of well-meaning teams place too much time and importance on “sharpening iron with iron” with little to no regard for actually addressing the technical shortcomings of the fighter.
by casey manrique on Oct 12, 2009 4:08 PM EDT reply actions 0 recs
Agreed. I never understand why in these training videos of guys sparing they are never wearing head gear. Boxers usually wear head gear during a sparing session.
Gym Wars Count.
by ryanwk628 on Oct 12, 2009 4:32 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
agreed on the sparring doing as much damage as a fight. In practice at my gym when someone gets flash knocked out, he’s back sparring taking head shots the very next day…in some cases the same day. i dont get it.
as far as head gear…i’m guilty of always trying to get out of wearing it. i tend to overheat with headgear on, causing me to gas very quickly, and I also find it makes head movement more difficult. i also dont think it offers much benefit other than preventing cuts . but that’s just me and my really thin headgear. other guys have like the heavy 5 pound lookin type and I’m sure it’s helpful, but again it’s not for me due to the overheating…..
by Headkick on Oct 12, 2009 5:32 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Yeah...
I don’t like the headgear. But I had a lot of concussions as a high school football player, so if I take much of a beating I pull myself out of any striking the rest of the week.
Editor - BloodyElbow.com - SBNation's mixed martial arts headquarters.
by Brent Brookhouse on Oct 12, 2009 9:47 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
I’m not sure, but isn’t there a theory that the added weight of headgear might actually make shots to the head worse?
by slapjaw ackrite on Oct 13, 2009 1:20 AM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Yes.
Headgear prevents cuts and external bruising. It doesn’t do anything to prevent the internal damage of your brain slamming into your skull.
The myth of headgear preventing concussions holds about much water as the myth of gloves protecting the head of the guy getting hit rather than the hands of the guy doing the hitting.
by Steve4192 on Oct 13, 2009 2:50 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
“Depending on your gym, damage from sparring might be worse for you long term than the fights.”
Thats what a lot of people think why Militiche fighters tend to have short careers.
by YoungGun on Oct 13, 2009 4:42 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
regardless of the lasting effects...
… i hope the ufc does a better job of taking care of their future retirees than the nfl did
http://www.gridirongreats.org/about/
by woooburn on Oct 12, 2009 4:12 PM EDT reply actions 0 recs
i think the real danger in football is actually the helmets. They should be made out of styrofoam and rubber that cant be used a giant battering ram against other helmets. I mean if i got an nfl helmet and smashed it over someones head they would be seriously hurt. Which makes me wonder if rugby has less concussions per player because they use only minimal head protection
by pandaboy99 on Oct 12, 2009 4:15 PM EDT reply actions 0 recs
Yeah, Rugby players don’t usually charge headfirst into each other.
Keep firing Assholes!
It doesn't take rocket appliances to figure this out.
by Ubernoober on Oct 12, 2009 4:25 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
right, but at any rugby party drunken headbutting is like high fives for anyone else. Also heads through walls, doors, etc.
by ryanwk628 on Oct 12, 2009 4:33 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
the idea of a football helmet being hard is that blows that are not straight on (the majority of them) will glance off and deflect as opposed to going straight into the head.
The new suspension helmets are great at distributing the impact compared to what they used to have.
by ryanwk628 on Oct 12, 2009 4:36 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Football helmets are meant to protect the skull, not the brain. Theoretically speaking, football helmets would be safer if they were meant to break the way motorcycle helmets do.
by MMAEruption on Oct 12, 2009 6:46 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
I've often wondered about this too.
If having a better helmet is actually counter productive in that it makes players feel like they can be even more reckless and dangerous than previously.
by Razreshat on Oct 13, 2009 8:26 AM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
I can’t help but think of fighters like Pete Sell and Terry Martin while reading this.
'Ello G'vnor!
by IHateMMA on Oct 12, 2009 4:17 PM EDT reply actions 0 recs
Yep
Sell was the first that came to mind. Then Scott Smith who already seems to be slurring his speech and Leben.
And, of course, one of my favorites: Nog.
by asa on Oct 12, 2009 5:15 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
I was thinking Scott Smith also. Christ, he was just standing there letting Diaz pound him over and over and over.
I hope the glory is worth it.
by MMAEruption on Oct 12, 2009 6:47 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
What were his options? Abandon his ‘strength’ and go to the ground to save himself? Ball up and let the ref stop it?
by MickDawg on Oct 13, 2009 1:20 AM EDT via mobile up reply actions 0 recs
Option C: Hands up.
Keep firing Assholes!
Never trust a man with no shirt on.
by Ubernoober on Oct 13, 2009 1:35 AM EDT up reply actions 2 recs
I love MMA, but it’s potential long term damage like this, and other negative effects, that I’d rather see refs err on the side of caution. I’m all for letting a fighter have a chance to regain his composure, but I’d much rather see quick stoppages than not.
Also, I am sick of this idea that you have to stand and bang in order to be exciting. There are plenty of fighters that are exciting on the ground. Not only are we watching bad kick boxing, but there’s increased risk of head injuries. I’d like to see the UFC start awarding Fight of the Nigh honors to bouts other than your typical brawl.
I love me some Sexyama!
by pud333 on Oct 12, 2009 4:18 PM EDT reply actions 0 recs
Cerrone vs Henderson was a potential Fight of the Year, and it mainly took place on the ground.
by chrisbboy82 on Oct 12, 2009 10:18 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
They recently had this discussion on talk radio in Chicago, and concussions are really now being studied and found to be at the biomolecular level. You can pass all the tests to be re-instated to play your favorite sport, but in reality… at a biomolecular level, you’re probably FAR from being ready to play again.
Same applies to MMA.
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"Two things are infinite: the universe and human stupidity; and I’m not sure about the universe." - Albert Einstein
by Leland Roling on Oct 12, 2009 4:29 PM EDT reply actions 0 recs
Here's some Science For Those Who don't Know
And here’s a video with cool graphics explaining it

Ever tried. Ever failed. No matter. Try Again. Fail again. Fail better. -Samuel Beckett
by themachiavellian on Oct 12, 2009 4:32 PM EDT reply actions 0 recs
Great Post
Hopefully the stand and bang philosophy will die in years to come
by AfroSamurai on Oct 12, 2009 4:39 PM EDT reply actions 0 recs
If a fighter has a good chin and can win fights standing and banging…he’s not going to change.
by MickDawg on Oct 12, 2009 11:29 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Head injuries scare the crap out of me. I get disgusted when a fighter is on the canvas, out cold and his opponent is dribbling his unconscious head off the mat. (maybe its easier to take an unconscious shot because your body doesnt tense up, the reason so many drunks walk away from horrible accidents)
The second shot in the Henderson Bisping fight is one that disgusted me. Dan said after the fight that it was to shut him up (dont know how much truth there is to that) but its the type of undefended shot that can snap a limp neck back. Look at how hard Teblow was hit. I see shots like that in MMA all the time. He didnt even go out and he was out for 2 weeks. Some of it is the culture of these fighters. When more money is at stake they will take more better care of their bodies and go get the proper test and treatment as opposed to getting sloppy drunk like Bisping did.
by ryanwk628 on Oct 12, 2009 4:42 PM EDT reply actions 0 recs
Not sure but I think.....
Tebow went out from the knee to the back of his helmet after the hit.
"Stop smiling you are about to be punched in the face !"
by Warhand on Oct 12, 2009 5:54 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Does a KO mean a concussions? Ive never heard anyone talk about that. Also, I think the time between concussions plays a major role, and age. Real sports on hbo did a segment on it awhile ago.
by NinjaRehab on Oct 12, 2009 4:47 PM EDT reply actions 0 recs
Yes.
A KO results from the brain short-circuiting due to excessive trauma (Watch this.). Recovery time & age are important because they affect the body’s resilience to injury. Even if brain cells don’t fully regrow, it allows other parts of the nervous system to repair.
I’ve had a Grade II concussion before – gave me a migraine for several days & a few minutes memory loss. Thankfully, I was in middle school at the time, so my brain was still wiring itself and repair was easy.
Ever tried. Ever failed. No matter. Try Again. Fail again. Fail better. -Samuel Beckett
by themachiavellian on Oct 12, 2009 5:05 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Oh, and you don’t have to go unconscious to have a concussion – ask Conan O’Brien.
Ever tried. Ever failed. No matter. Try Again. Fail again. Fail better. -Samuel Beckett
by themachiavellian on Oct 12, 2009 5:08 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
As a general rule, if you lose consciousness even for a moment, that's a Grade II concussion.
This is a good example is a Grade II concussion. Interestingly, the guy who got up first suffered the worse concussion – fewer bones in his head and face broke, so more of the force was transferred to his brain.
If you feel dazed and wobbly but were not knocked out, that’s a Grade I concussion.
Extended unconsciousness, like Akihiro Gono at Sengoku IX – that’s a Grade III concussion. That’s as far as the scale goes.
There’s a lot more to it than that, but that’s a good rough guideline.
I like using semi-colons; they make me feel smart.
by Llewdor on Oct 13, 2009 3:09 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Link fail
Just copy this into your address bar:
mms://a1503.v108692.c10869.g.vm.akamaistream.net/7/1503/10869/v0001/mlb.download.akamai.com/10869/2005/open/topplays/archive08/081105_nynsdn_collision_350.wmv?ct1=mlb
I like using semi-colons; they make me feel smart.
by Llewdor on Oct 13, 2009 3:11 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
great post!
I appreciate the time u put in, it shows, great job
by cagefightonacid on Oct 12, 2009 5:08 PM EDT via mobile reply actions 0 recs
Scott Smith
Scott Smith doesn’t even remember his fight with Benji Radich. Then Nick Diaz tattooed his head with punch after punch for 3 rounds a few months later.
"Stop smiling you are about to be punched in the face !"
by Warhand on Oct 12, 2009 5:53 PM EDT reply actions 0 recs
At least Lyoto Machida has nothing to worry about.
"I will knock your hair black!"- Ken Shamrock to Tito Ortiz
by FutureChamp on Oct 12, 2009 5:54 PM EDT reply actions 3 recs
Word
"Stop smiling you are about to be punched in the face !"
by Warhand on Oct 12, 2009 5:56 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Yep, he and Anderson Silva will be playing chess in their 80’s because they view avoiding damage as important.
by MMAEruption on Oct 12, 2009 6:48 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Fedor will be beating their asses at chess.
by grein on Oct 13, 2009 7:27 AM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Have you watched A.Silva's training videos
…where he lets his sparring partners just wail on his face for like 15 seconds? Bizarre and worrying…
Don't believe a word I say, I don't train BJJ.
I blog at TangleBones - you should follow me on Twitter here.
by jemaleddin on Oct 13, 2009 12:23 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
not so fast
This is a good post, but more studies need to be done on the MMA angle. There are significant differences in the sports in the kind of hits and frequency. In football, as the example points out, you’re taking multiple hits in practice and bone-crushing hits in games once a week. In fighting, even if you stand and bang like Lytle, it’s 15 minutes of hits once every 3 months, and much lighter, infrequent hits during sparring. This may mean MMA fighters face less risk of repetitive sub-concussive injury. For the sake of Lytle and others, I certainly hope so.
█♣█
A wise man told me don't argue with fools
Cause people from a distance can't tell who is who -- Jay-Z
by thetakeover on Oct 12, 2009 6:45 PM EDT reply actions 0 recs
Also there are lots of MMA fights where both fighters sustain little or no damage to the head.
This doesn’t ever happen in boxing and is very unlikely in football.
I dislike Matt Hughes.
by MonkeyCHops on Oct 13, 2009 1:20 AM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
That’s still head trauma happening 3 times a year, times many years of fighting. Plus whatever the hell happens in training camp.
by MMAEruption on Oct 13, 2009 4:18 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Three times a year is better than 5 times an hour.
I like using semi-colons; they make me feel smart.
by Llewdor on Oct 13, 2009 5:19 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
The “cumulative effects” part of the above article is troubling. I wonder if maybe a fighter should only be allowed a certain conservative number of knockout losses before he is not allowed to fight anymore. I guess it depends on how many and how bad the knockouts are. But, i’m sure there is some sort of knowledge about this, like “after 5 KOs a person starts to change…for the worse” or something like that. Maybe that should be the limit for MMA fighters.
by iTap on Oct 13, 2009 4:05 AM EDT reply actions 0 recs
Regardless of how many or how little strikes an MMA fighter takes to the head…he/she still has to spar and sparring causes brain damage. There were studies conducted on soccer players and yes they too get brain damage from butting the ball with their heads…which is harder and punch to the head or a soccer ball. Think about it.
by SammyBeez on Oct 13, 2009 11:47 AM EDT reply actions 0 recs
^^^…which is harder a punch to the head or a soccer ball? Think about it.
by SammyBeez on Oct 13, 2009 11:48 AM EDT reply actions 0 recs
Hey thank
Just a thank you to woomike for pointing out that Lytle has a real ground game that he never seems to use. Easy to forget after so many KOs.
Don't believe a word I say, I don't train BJJ.
I blog at TangleBones - you should follow me on Twitter here.
by jemaleddin on Oct 13, 2009 12:23 PM EDT reply actions 0 recs
Would everybody please shut the f*ck up about concussion?
Remember, there’s NEVER been a serious injury inside the Octagon. And no, Corey Hill’s broken leg was not serious.
by MMAEruption on Oct 13, 2009 6:51 PM EDT reply actions 0 recs
There hasn’t been a serious injury YET…MMA hasn’t been around nearly as long as boxing and football(as a sanctioned sport in the U.S.). And btw concussions don’t have to be serious immediately—-there is a cumulative effect—just ask the former pro football player taking a leak in his oven b/c he thought it was a toilet and then curling up on the floor in a fetal position(and no he wasn’t on anything). It’s a matter that should be discussed openly—period.
by SammyBeez on Oct 13, 2009 7:07 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
No way man
There’s the rug, here’s the broom.
by slapjaw ackrite on Oct 13, 2009 7:38 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
That's sort of the point.
The long-lasting effects of repeated concussions, or sub-concussive impacts, won’t be seen in the octagon at all.
It will be years later when suddenly Marcus Davis can’t remember how to button his shirt.
I like using semi-colons; they make me feel smart.
by Llewdor on Oct 13, 2009 7:55 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs
Exactly. Plus the idea that we should be encouraged to show less concern for the long-term health of MMA fighters is just bizarre.
by JRN on Oct 13, 2009 7:58 PM EDT up reply actions 0 recs


















